awgrym i'w astudio nes ei ddeall a'i arfer, mantais iddynt, efallai, fydd cael y paragraff yn ei gyfanrwydd, gyda gair o eglurhad syml arno.
Dyma gyfieithiad S. H. Butcher o hono:
"A whole is that which has a beginning, a middle, and an end. A beginning is that which does not itself follow anything, by causal necessity, but after which some—thing naturally follows, or comes to be. An end on the contrary, is that which itself naturally follows some other thing, either by necessity, or as a rule, but has nothing following it. A middle is that which follows something as some other thing follows it. A well constructed plot, therefore, must neither begin nor end at haphazard, but conform to these principles."
A dyma rydd—gyfieithiad o hono i'r Gymraeg:
Medd pob cyfanwaith llenyddol Ddechrau, Canol, a Diwedd. Wrth 'Ddechrau' golygir y darn nad yw yn dilyn dim byd o angenrheidrwydd fel ei achos, eithr gwasanaetha fel achos i rywbeth a ddaw'n naturiol, fel effaith, ar ei ôl. Ar y llaw arall, wrth Ddiwedd golygir y darn a ddilyn yn naturiol ar ôl rhywbeth arall naill o angenrheidrwydd, neu fel rheol, eithr heb ddim i'w ddilyn. Ac wrth Ganol' golygir y darn a ddilyn ddarn arall fel y dilynir yntau gan ddarn.
