fel y rhifai y rhai a berthynai iddo naw cant a phump a thrigian.[1] Dygid at Gyndeyrn feibion boneddigion yn ogystal a meibion y dosbarth cyffredin, fel y byddai iddo eu dwyn i fyny yn addysg ac athrawiaeth yr Arglwydd. Dyna gychwyn sefydliad eglwysig Llanelwy—arferir ymadrodd penagored yn fwriadol, am nad yw yn glir a ydym i'w ystyried fel mynachdy ai ynte fel esgobaeth; os y diweddaf, rhaid cofio na olyga yr ymadrodd yr ystyr a berthyn iddo mewn amser diweddar. Yr unig awdurdodau dros wneud Cyndeyrn yn sylfaenydd esgobaeth Llanelwy ydyw Bywyd Cyndeyrn gan Jocelin—gwaith perthynol i'r ddeuddegfed ganrif, a Llyfr Coch Asaph.[2] Dywed Willis Bund nad oedd esgobion yn yr ystyr roddir i'r gair yn gyffredin hyd adeg dyfod y Normaniaid i'r wlad hon.[3] Dyry yr un awdwr yn yr un gwaith olwg i ni ar y mynachdy yn datbylgu yn esgobaeth. "The whole history of the Welsh Church, after the coming of Augustine, is an account of how the bishop grew in importance from a subordinate place in the monastery, until he became the head of the clergy in the diocese, and exercised jurisdiction over them and it. The Llandaff records bring this out very clearly, and whether genuine or not, they are the best account we have of the depreciation of the abbot and the appreciation of the bishop. In this part of the case, what evidence there is, goes to show that the episcopal system in Wales was like that in Ireland bishops belonging to monasteries, and under the orders of the abbot. Then came the evolutionary process whereby the bishop gradually became the equal, and afterwards the superior, of the abbot. It is a most interesting piece of ecclesiastical history, showing how local ideas and surroundings modify even the beliefs and opinions of men in ecclesiastical affairs, how the bishop became first abbot, then, having the control of the monastery and the possessions of the monastery added to it that of the surrounding districts; and when he obtained this became a "lord bishop," exercising civil and ecclesiastical jurisdiction over a defined area.[4][5] Mae'r dyfyniad yn hir, ond mae mor bwysig a theifl gymaint of oleuni ar hanes Llanelwy a Bangor Deiniol yn datblygu yn eglwysi cadeiriol, fel y barnwyd yn ddoeth ei roddi yn ei hyd. I gasgliad pur debyg y daw Haddan a Stubbs yn eu hymchwiliad hwythau i'r un cwestiwn; edrychent hwy ar yr esgobaeth yn yr ystyr ddiweddar fel yn tyfu yn raddol o'r sefydliad mynachaidd.[6] I ddychwelyd at Cyndeyrn gwnaed ef yn esgob Glasgow gan Rhydderch Hael yn y flwyddyn
- ↑ The Lives of the British Sainte, vol. i., p. 12: S. Baring-Gould, J. Fisher.
- ↑ Red Book, Vita, p. 45. "Monasterium Sedem Cathedralem constituit."
- ↑ The Celtic Church of Wales, p. 252: J. W. Willis Bund.
- ↑ The Celtic Church of Wales, pp. 268—64: J. W. Willis Bund.
- ↑ The Diocese of St. Asaph, p. 5: D. R. Thomas.
- ↑ In Wales, Bishops not diocesan, but presiding over monastic or educational institutions, are perhaps faintly traceable about the sixth century .... On the other hand, as soon as ever the history of Wales emerges from the darkness that conceals it for a century after the departure of the Romans, a diocesan Episcopate is found established there, with a monastic establishment indeed as the centre of each see, but with the Bishop as such as its head.—Councils, Haddan & Stubbs, vol. i., pp. 142—143.
